I-diode yomzimba (okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-diode evamile, njengegama“umzimba diode”ayivamisile ukusetshenziswa ezimweni ezijwayelekile futhi ingase ibhekisele kusici noma isakhiwo se-diode ngokwayo; Nokho, ngenxa yale njongo, sicabanga ukuthi ibhekisela ku-diode evamile) futhi i-MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) ihluke kakhulu ezicini ezimbalwa. Ngezansi ukuhlaziya okuningiliziwe kokuhlukana kwabo:
1. Izincazelo Eziyisisekelo Nezakhiwo
- I-Diode: I-diode iyisisetshenziswa se-semiconductor enama-electrode amabili, akhiwe ngama-semiconductors ohlobo lwe-P kanye nohlobo lwe-N, akha ukuhlangana kwe-PN. Ivumela kuphela okwamanje ukuthi kugeleze ukusuka kokuhle ukuya ohlangothini olunegethivu (ukuchema phambili) kuyilapho kuvimbela ukugeleza okubuyela emuva (ukuhlehlisa ukuchema).
- I-MOSFET: I-MOSFET iyisisetshenziswa semiconductor enamatheminali amathathu esebenzisa umphumela wenkundla kagesi ukulawula okwamanje. Iqukethe isango (G), umthombo (S), kanye ne-drain (D). I-current phakathi komthombo kanye ne-drain ilawulwa yi-voltage yesango.
2. Isimiso Sokusebenza
- I-Diode: Umgomo wokusebenza we-diode usekelwe ekuphatheni okukodwa kwe-PN junction. Ngaphansi kokuchema okuya phambili, abathwali (izimbobo nama-electron) bahlakazeka ngaphesheya kwendawo yokuhlangana ye-PN ukuze bakhe umsinga; ngaphansi kokuchema okuhlanekezelwe, kudalwa umgoqo ongase ube khona, ovimbela ukugeleza kwamanje.
- I-MOSFET: Umgomo wokusebenza we-MOSFET usekelwe kumphumela wenkundla kagesi. Lapho i-voltage yesango ishintsha, yakha umzila we-conductive (N-channel noma i-P-channel) ebusweni be-semiconductor ngaphansi kwesango, elawula okwamanje phakathi komthombo kanye nokukhipha. Ama-MOSFET ngamadivayisi alawulwa yi-voltage, anamandla okukhiphayo kuye nge-voltage yokufaka.
3. Izici Zokusebenza
- I-Diode:
- Ifanele izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-high-frequency namandla aphansi.
- Ine-unidirectional conductivity, okuyenza ibe yingxenye ebalulekile ekulungiseni, ekutholeni, nasekulawuleni amasekhethi kagesi.
- I-voltage ehlehlayo yokuhlehla iyipharamitha ebalulekile futhi kufanele icatshangelwe ekwakhiweni ukuze kugwenywe izinkinga zokuhlehla.
- MOSFET:
- Ine-impedance ephezulu yokufaka, umsindo ophansi, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi, nokuzinza okuhle kwe-thermal.
- Ifanele amasekhethi amakhulu ahlanganisiwe namandla kagesi.
- Ama-MOSFET ahlukaniswe abe izinhlobo ze-N-channel kanye ne-P-channel, ngayinye eza ngezinhlobo zemodi yokuthuthukisa kanye nemodi yokuncipha.
- Ibonisa izici zamanje ezinhle ezingaguquki, zamanje ezihlala zicishe zifane endaweni yokugcwala kwendawo.
4. Izinkambu Zokusebenza
- I-Diode: Isetshenziswa kakhulu ku-electronics, ukuxhumana, nezinkambu zokuphakelwa kukagesi, njengakumasekhethi okulungisa, amasekhethi okulawula ugesi, namasekhethi okuthola.
- I-MOSFET: Idlala indima ebalulekile kumasekethe ahlanganisiwe, amandla kagesi, amakhompyutha, nokuxhumana, asetshenziswa njengama-switching elements, i-amplification elements, nezinto zokushayela.
5. Isiphetho
Ama-Diode nama-MOSFET ahlukene ngezincazelo zawo eziyisisekelo, izakhiwo, izimiso zokusebenza, izici zokusebenza, nezinkambu zohlelo lokusebenza. Ama-Diode adlala indima ebalulekile ekulungiseni nasekulawuleni i-voltage ngenxa ye-unidirectional conductivity, kuyilapho ama-MOSFET asetshenziswa kakhulu kumasekethe ahlanganisiwe namandla kagesi ngenxa yokungangeni kwawo okuphezulu kokufaka, umsindo ophansi, nokusetshenziswa kwamandla aphansi. Zombili lezi zingxenye zibalulekile kubuchwepheshe besimanje be-elekthronikhi, ngayinye inikezela ngezinzuzo zayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-18-2024
