Amasekhethi e-MOSFET avame ukusetshenziswa ku-electronics, kanti i-MOSFET imele i-Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor. Ukwakhiwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamasekethe e-MOSFET ahlanganisa imikhakha eminingi. Ngezansi ukuhlaziya okuningiliziwe kwamasekhethi e-MOSFET:
I. Isakhiwo Esiyisisekelo kanye Nomgomo Wokusebenza wama-MOSFET
1. Isakhiwo Esiyisisekelo
Ama-MOSFET aqukethe ikakhulukazi ama-electrode amathathu: isango (G), umthombo (S), kanye ne-drain (D), kanye nongqimba lwensimbi lwe-oxide. Ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lwesiteshi sokuqhuba, ama-MOSFET ahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ze-N-channel kanye ne-P-channel. Ngokomphumela wokulawula we-voltage yesango esiteshini se-conductive, angaphinda ahlukaniswe abe imodi yokuthuthukisa kanye nemodi yokunciphisa ama-MOSFET.
2. Isimiso Sokusebenza
Umgomo wokusebenza we-MOSFET usekelwe kumphumela wenkundla kagesi ukuze ulawule ukusebenza kwempahla ye-semiconductor. Lapho i-voltage yesango ishintsha, ishintsha ukusatshalaliswa kokushaja endaweni engaphansi kwe-semiconductor ngaphansi kwesango, elawula ububanzi bomzila wokuhambisa phakathi komthombo nokukhipha amanzi, ngaleyo ndlela ilawule amandla amanje. Ngokukhethekile, lapho i-voltage yesango idlula umkhawulo othile, i-conductive channel yakheka endaweni ye-semiconductor, evumela ukuhamba phakathi komthombo nokukhipha amanzi. Ngokuphambene, uma isiteshi sinyamalala, umthombo nokukhipha amanzi kuyanqanyulwa.
II. Izicelo MOSFET Circuits
1. Amasekhethi esikhulisi
Ama-MOSFET angasetshenziswa njengezikhulisi ngokulungisa ugesi wesango ukuze ulawule ukuzuza kwamanje. Asetshenziswa kumsindo, ifrikhwensi yomsakazo, namanye amasekhethi e-amplifier ukuze anikeze umsindo ophansi, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi, nokukhulisa inzuzo ephezulu.
2. Ukushintsha Izifunda
Ama-MOSFET asetshenziswa kabanzi njengamaswishi kumasekhethi edijithali, ukuphathwa kwamandla, nabashayeli bezimoto. Ngokulawula i-voltage yesango, umuntu angashintsha kalula noma avale isifunda. Njengezinto ezishintshayo, ama-MOSFET anezinzuzo ezifana nesivinini sokushintsha ngokushesha, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi, namasekhethi okushayela alula.
3. Izifunda zokushintsha kwe-Analog
Kumasekhethi e-analog, ama-MOSFET angaphinda asebenze njengamaswishi e-analog. Ngokulungisa i-voltage yesango, bangakwazi ukulawula isimo sokuvula/ukuvala, bavumele ukushintsha nokukhetha amasignali e-analog. Lolu hlobo lohlelo lokusebenza luvamile ekucubunguleni isignali kanye nokutholwa kwedatha.
4. Izifunda Ezinengqondo
Ama-MOSFET aphinde asetshenziswe kabanzi kumasekhethi anengqondo edijithali, njengamasango anengqondo (KANYE, NOMA amasango, njll.) namayunithi enkumbulo. Ngokuhlanganisa ama-MOSFET amaningi, amasistimu wesekethe yedijithali eyinkimbinkimbi angadalwa.
5. Izifunda Zokuphatha Amandla
Kumasekhethi okuphatha amandla, ama-MOSFET angasetshenziselwa ukushintsha amandla, ukukhetha amandla, nokulawula amandla. Ngokulawula isimo sokuvula/sokuvalwa kwe-MOSFET, ukuphathwa ngempumelelo nokulawulwa kwamandla kungafinyelelwa.
6. Iziguquli ze-DC-DC
Ama-MOSFET asetshenziswa kuziguquli ze-DC-DC zokuguqula amandla kanye nokulawulwa kwamandla kagesi. Ngokulungisa amapharamitha afana nomjikelezo wemisebenzi kanye nemvamisa yokushintsha, ukuguqulwa kwe-voltage okusebenzayo kanye nokuphumayo okuzinzile kungafinyelelwa.
III. Okucatshangelwayo Okubalulekile Kwedizayini Yeziyingi ze-MOSFET
1. Ukulawulwa Kwegesi Yesango
I-voltage yesango iyipharamitha eyinhloko yokulawula ukuhamba kwe-MOSFET. Lapho uklama amasekhethi, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza nokunemba kwamandla kagesi wesango ukuze ugweme ukuwohloka kokusebenza noma ukwehluleka kwesekethe ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwamandla kagesi.
2. Khipha Umkhawulo Wamanje
Ama-MOSFET akhiqiza inani elithile lokudonsa amanzi ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Ukuze uvikele i-MOSFET futhi uthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwesekethe, kubalulekile ukukhawulela amanzi amanje ngokuklama isekethe ngendlela efanele. Lokhu kungafezwa ngokukhetha imodeli elungile ye-MOSFET, ukusetha ama-voltage afanele wesango, nokusebenzisa ukumelana nomthwalo okufanele.
3. Izinga lokushisa Ukuzinza
Ukusebenza kwe-MOSFET kuthinteka kakhulu izinga lokushisa. Imiklamo yesifunda kufanele ibhekane nemithelela yokushisa ekusebenzeni kwe-MOSFET, futhi kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuthuthukisa ukuqina kwezinga lokushisa, njengokukhetha amamodeli e-MOSFET anokubekezelela okuhle kwezinga lokushisa nokusebenzisa izindlela zokupholisa.
4. Ukuzihlukanisa Nokuvikelwa
Eziyingini eziyinkimbinkimbi, izinyathelo zokuzihlukanisa ziyadingeka ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuphazamiseka phakathi kwezingxenye ezahlukene. Ukuze kuvikelwe i-MOSFET emonakalweni, amasekhethi okuvikela afana nokuvikela i-overcurrent kanye nokuvikela i-overvoltage nawo kufanele asetshenziswe.
Sengiphetha, amasekethe e-MOSFET ayingxenye ebalulekile yezinhlelo zokusebenza zesekethe ye-elekthronikhi. Idizayini efanele kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamasekethe e-MOSFET kungafeza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene yesekethe futhi kuhlangabezane nezidingo ezahlukahlukene zohlelo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-27-2024
