Wazi kangakanani ngophawu lwe-MOSFET?

Izimpawu ze-MOSFET zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhombisa ukuxhumana kwayo nezici zokusebenza kusekethe.MOSFET, igama eligcwele i-Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (i-Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor), iwuhlobo lwamadivayisi alawulwa yi-voltage semiconductor, asetshenziswa kabanzi kumasekethe kagesi. .

Ama-MOSFET ahlukaniswe ngokuyinhloko abe izigaba ezimbili: I-N-channel MOSFETs (NMOS) kanye ne-P-channel MOSFETs (PMOS), ngasinye esinophawu oluhlukile. Okulandelayo incazelo enemininingwane yalezi zinhlobo ezimbili zezimpawu ze-MOSFET:

I-N-Channel MOSFET (NMOS)

Uphawu lwe-NMOS luvame ukumelelwa njengomfanekiso onamaphini amathathu, okuyisango (G), i-drain (D), kanye nomthombo (S). Emfanekisweni, isango livame ukuba phezulu, kuyilapho i-drain kanye nomthombo iphansi, futhi i-drain ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi iphini elinomcibisholo obonisa ukuthi isiqondiso esiyinhloko sokugeleza kwamanje sisuka emthonjeni kuya emgodini. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi emidwebeni yangempela yesifunda, isiqondiso somcibisholo singase singahlali ngaso sonke isikhathi sibheke emseleni, kuye ngokuthi isifunda sixhunywe kanjani.

I-P-channel MOSFET (PMOS)

Izimpawu ze-PMOS zifana ne-NMOS ngokuthi nazo zinesithombe esinamaphini amathathu. Kodwa-ke, ku-PMOS, isiqondiso somcibisholo ophawulweni singase sihluke ngoba uhlobo lwenkampani yenethiwekhi luphambene ne-NMOS (izimbobo esikhundleni sama-electron), kodwa akuzona zonke izimpawu ze-PMOS ezibhalwe ngokucacile ngesiqondiso somcibisholo. Futhi, isango litholakala ngenhla futhi i-drain kanye nomthombo kutholakala ngezansi.

Izinhlobonhlobo Zezimpawu

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izimpawu ze-MOSFET zingase zibe nokuhluka okuthile kusofthiwe noma amazinga ahlukene wokudwetshwa kwesifunda. Isibonelo, ezinye izimpawu zingase zishiye imicibisholo ukwenza ukumelwa kube lula, noma zihlukanise phakathi kwezinhlobo ezihlukene zama-MOSFET ngezitayela zomugqa ezihlukene kanye nemibala yokugcwalisa.

Izinyathelo zokuphepha ezinhlelweni zokusebenza

Ezisetshenziswa ezingokoqobo, ngaphezu kokuqaphela izimpawu ze-MOSFETs, kuyadingeka futhi ukunaka i-polarity yabo, izinga le-voltage, umthamo wamanje kanye neminye imingcele ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukukhethwa nokusetshenziswa okulungile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba i-MOSFET iyithuluzi elilawulwa yi-voltage, ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ekulawuleni kwamandla kagesi wesango kanye nezinyathelo zokuvikela lapho kuklanywa isekethe ukugwema ukuphuka kwesango nokunye ukwehluleka.

Kafushane, uphawu lwe-MOSFET wukumela kwayo okuyisisekelo kusekethe, ngokukhonjwa kwezimpawu bangaqonda uhlobo lwe-MOSFET, ukuxhunywa kwephinikhodi kanye nezici zokusebenza. Kodwa-ke, ekusetshenzisweni okungokoqobo, kuyadingeka futhi ukuhlanganisa izidingo ezithile zesekethe kanye nemingcele yedivayisi ukuze kucatshangelwe kabanzi.