Ubuwazi ngokuvela kwe-MOSFET?

I. Imiqondo yangaphambili kanye nokuhlola

Umqondo ophakanyisiwe:Ukusungulwa kwe-MOSFET kungalandelelwa emuva kuze kufike ngawo-1830, lapho umqondo we-transistor yomphumela wenkundla wethulwa yi-Lilienfeld yaseJalimane. Nokho, imizamo ngalesi sikhathi ayizange iphumelele ekufezeni i-MOSFET engokoqobo.

Ucwaningo lokuqala:Kamuva, i-Bell Labs ye-Shaw Teki (Shockley) nabanye baye bazama ukutadisha ukusungulwa kwamashubhu womphumela wensimu, kodwa okufanayo kwehlulekile ukuphumelela. Nokho, ucwaningo lwabo lwabeka isisekelo sokuthuthukiswa kwakamuva kwe-MOSFET.

II. Ukuzalwa nokuthuthukiswa kokuqala kwama-MOSFET

Ukuphumelela Okubalulekile:Ngo-1960, u-Kahng no-Atalla basungula ngephutha i-MOS field effect transistor (i-MOS transistor emfushane) ohlelweni lokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwama-bipolar transistors nge-silicon dioxide (SiO2). Lokhu okusunguliwe kuphawule ukungena ngokusemthethweni kwama-MOSFET embonini edidiyelwe yokukhiqiza isekethe.

Ukuthuthukisa Ukusebenza:Ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe benqubo ye-semiconductor, ukusebenza kwama-MOSFET kuyaqhubeka nokuba ngcono. Isibonelo, i-voltage yokusebenza yamandla kagesi aphezulu we-MOS ingafinyelela ku-1000V, inani lokumelana le-MOS elingamelana nokuncane lingu-1 ohm kuphela, futhi imvamisa yokusebenza isuka ku-DC iye kuma-megahertz amaningana.

III. Ukusetshenziswa okubanzi kwama-MOSFET kanye nokuqamba okusha kwezobuchwepheshe

Isetshenziswa kakhulu:Ama-MOSFET asetshenziswa kakhulu kumishini kagesi ehlukahlukene, njengama-microprocessors, izinkumbulo, amasekhethi anengqondo, njll., ngenxa yokusebenza kwawo okuhle kakhulu. Emishinini yesimanje kagesi, ama-MOSFET angenye yezingxenye ezibalulekile.

Ukuqamba okusha kwezobuchwepheshe:Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zamaza okusebenza aphezulu kanye namazinga aphezulu amandla, i-IR ithuthukise amandla okuqala e-MOSFET. emva kwalokho, kuye kwethulwa izinhlobo eziningi ezintsha zamadivayisi kagesi, njengama-IGBT, ama-GTO, ama-IPM, njll., futhi sezisetshenziswe kabanzi kakhulu emikhakheni ehlobene.

Ukuqamba izinto ezintsha:Ngokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe, izinto ezintsha ziyahlolwa ukuze kwenziwe ama-MOSFET; isibonelo, izinto ze-silicon carbide (SiC) ziqala ukunakwa nokucwaninga ngenxa yezakhiwo zazo eziphakeme zomzimba.Izinto ze-SiC zine-conductivity ephakeme yokushisa kanye nomkhawulokudonsa owenqatshelwe uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto ezivamile ze-Si, ezinquma izakhiwo zabo ezinhle kakhulu ezifana nokuphakama okuphezulu kwamanje, okuphezulu. amandla enkambu yokwehlukana, kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokusebenza.

Okwesine, ubuchwepheshe be-MOSFET obuphambili kanye nesiqondiso sentuthuko

Ama-Dual Gate Transistors:Kuzanywa izindlela ezehlukene ukwenza ama-dual gate transistors ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwama-MOSFET. Ama-transistors we-MOS amasango amabili anokuncipha okungcono uma kuqhathaniswa nesango elilodwa, kodwa ukushwabana kwawo kusenomkhawulo.

Umthelela omfushane womsele:Isiqondiso esibalulekile sokuthuthukiswa kwama-MOSFET ukuxazulula inkinga yomphumela wesiteshi esifushane. Umthelela wesiteshi esifushane uzokhawulela ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kokusebenza kwedivayisi, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukunqoba le nkinga ngokunciphisa ukujula kwesiphambano sezifunda zomthombo kanye nokukhipha amanzi, futhi esikhundleni somthombo kanye nokukhipha imixhumano ye-PN ngokuthintana ne-metal-semiconductor.